Cole, W. E. 1978a. Management strategies for preventing mountain pine beetle epidemics in lodgepole pine stands: Based on empirical models. Pages 87-97 in A. A. Berryman, G. D. Amman, R. W. Stark, and D. L. Kibbee (eds.), Theory and practice of mountain pine beetle management in lodgepole pine forests. Symposium, 25-27 April, Pullman, Washington. University of Idaho, College of Forest Resources. 220 p.