Funded by the National Science Foundation PEET program (Partnerships for Enhancing Expertise in Taxonomy)
Bowers, W., J. Borden, and A. Raske. 1996a. Bionomics of the four-eyed spruce bark beetle, Polygraphus rufipennis (Kirby) (Col., Scolytidae) in Newfoundland: Part I. Emergence and flight patterns. Journal of Applied Entomology 120:385-390.